Form Energy

Form Energy is a Boston-area energy storage company founded in 2017 with a singular mission: to build a new class of ultra-long-duration batteries capable of storing energy for 100+ hours, solving one of the biggest remaining challenges in the clean energy transition. The company's flagship product is an iron-air battery system that uses iron - one of the earth's most abundant and inexpensive materials - as the energy storage medium. In a process that mirrors rusting and de-rusting, the battery converts electrical energy to chemical energy (oxidizing iron when charging) and back again. This breakthrough chemistry, rooted in research at MIT, enables storage costs low enough to make multi-day energy storage economically viable at grid scale for the first time.

Form Energy has followed a rigorous path from lab to commercialization. After selecting iron-air chemistry in 2018 as its lead technology, the company systematically de-risked the technology through testing (21,500+ sub-scale cells, 650+ full-scale cells, 113 modules as of 2024), deployed the world's first grid-connected iron-air battery systems in California, and signed more than 4 gigawatt-hours of commercial contracts with major utilities including Xcel Energy, Dominion Energy, Georgia Power, and the California Energy Commission. In 2024, the company completed construction of Form Factory 1 - a 550,000+ sq ft manufacturing facility in Weirton, West Virginia - and began trial production of its iron-air batteries at industrial scale.

Form Energy is strategically critical to the U.S. energy supply chain as it directly addresses the "last mile" problem of renewable energy: intermittency over days and weeks, not just hours. By building its manufacturing base in Weirton, WV (a former steel town), Form is also anchoring domestic battery manufacturing in America's industrial heartland, revitalizing communities while reducing dependence on foreign battery supply chains. With nearly 1,000 employees and growing commercial agreements with leading utilities, Form Energy represents one of the most advanced long-duration energy storage companies in the world, underpinning the reliability of an increasingly renewable U.S. electric grid.